This selection of the art of Dr. Frank H. Netter on neuroanatomy and neurophysiology is drawn from the Atlas of Human Anatomy and Netter's Atlas of Human Physiology. Viewing these pictures again prompts reflection on Dr. Netter's work and his roles as physician and artist.
Frank H. Netter was born in 1906 in New York City. He pursued his artistic muse at the Sorbonne, the Art Student's League, and the National Academy of Design before entering medical school at New York University, where he received his M.D. degree in 1931. During his student years, Dr. Netter's notebook sketches attracted the attention of the medical faculty and other physicians, allowing him to augment his income by illustrating articles and textbooks. He continued illustrating as a sideline after establishing a surgical practice in 1933, but ultimately opted to give up his practice in favor of a full-time commitment to art. After service in the United States Army during the Second World War, Dr. Netter began his long collaboration with the CIBA Pharmaceutical Company (now Novartis Pharmaceuticals). This 45-year partnership resulted in the production of the extraordinary collection of medical art so familiar to physicians and other medical professionals worldwide.
Part 1 Neuroanatomy
Cerebrum—Medial Views. 2
Cerebrum—Inferior View. 3
Basal Nuclei (Ganglia). 4
Thalamus. 5
Cerebellum. 6
Brainstem. 7
Fourth Ventricle and Cerebellum. 8
Accessory Nerve (XI). 9
Arteries to Brain and Meninges. 10
Arteries to Brain: Schema. 11
Arteries of Brain: Inferior Views. 12
Cerebral Arterial Circle (Willis). 13
Arteries of Brain: Frontal View and Section. 14
Arteries of Brain: Lateral and Medial Views. 15
Arteries of Posterior Cranial Fossa. 16
Veins of Posterior Cranial Fossa. 17
Deep Veins of Brain. 18
Subependymal Veins of Brain. 19
Hypothalamus and Hypophysis. 20
Arteries and Veins of Hypothalamus and Hypophysis. 21
Relation of Spinal Nerve Roots to Vertebrae. 22
Autonomic Nervous System: General Topography. 23
Spinal Nerve Origin: Cross Sections. 24
Olfactory Nerve (I): Schema. 25
Optic Nerve (II) (Visual Pathway): Schema. 26
Oculomotor (III), Trochlear (IV) and Abducent (VI) Nerves: Schema. 27
Trigeminal Nerve (V): Schema. 28
Facial Nerve (VII): Schema. 29
Vestibulocochlear Nerve (VIII): Schema. 30
Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX): Schema. 31
Vagus Nerve (X): Schema. 32
Accessory Nerve (XI): Schema. 33
Hypoglossal Nerve (XII): Schema. 34
Nerves of Heart. 35
Autonomic Nerves and Ganglia of Abdomen. 36
Nerves of Stomach and Duodenum. 37
Nerves of Stomach and Duodenum (continued). 38
Nerves of Small Intestine. 39
Nerves of Large Intestine. 40
Nerves of Kidneys, Ureters and Urinary Bladder. 41
Nerves of Pelvic Viscera: Male. 42
Nerves of Pelvic Viscera: Female. 43
Median Nerve. 44
Ulnar Nerve. 45
Radial Nerve in Arm and Nerves of Posterior Shoulder. 46
Radial Nerve in Forearm. 47
Sciatic Nerve and Posterior Cutaneous Nerve of Thigh. 48
Tibial Nerve. 49
Common Fibular (Peroneal) Nerve. 50
Part 2 Neurophysiology
Organization of the Brain: Cerebrum. 52
Organization of the Brain: Cell Types. 53
Blood-Brain Barrier. 54
Synaptic Transmission: Morphology of Synapses. 55
Synaptic Transmission: Neuromuscular Junction. 56
Synaptic Transmission: Visceral Efferent Endings. 57
Synaptic Transmission: Inhibitory Mechanisms. 58
Synaptic Transmission: Chemical Synaptic Transmission. 59
Synaptic Transmission: Temporal and Spatial Summation. 60
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): Brain Ventricles and CSF Composition. 61
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): Circulation of CSF. 62
Spinal Cord: Ventral Rami 63
Spinal Cord: Membranes and Nerve Roots. 64
Peripheral Nervous System. 65
Autonomic Nervous System: Schema. 66
Autonomic Nervous System: Cholinergic and Adrenergic Synapses. 67
Hypothalamus. 68
Limbic System. 69
The Cerebral Cortex. 70
Descending Motor Pathways. 71
Cerebellum: Afferent Pathways. 72
Cerebellum: Efferent Pathways. 73
Cutaneous Sensory Receptors. 74
Cutaneous Receptors: Pacinian Corpuscle. 75
Proprioception and Reflex Pathways: I. 76
Proprioception and Reflex Pathways: II. 77
Proprioception and Reflex Pathways: III. 78
Proprioception and Reflex Pathways: IV. 79
Sensory Pathways: I. 80
Sensory Pathways: II. 81
Sensory Pathways: III. 82
Visual System: Receptors. 83
Visual System: Visual Pathway. 84
Auditory System: Cochlea. 85
Auditory System: Pathways. 86
Vestibular System: Receptors. 87
Vestibular System: Vestibulospinal Tracts. 88
Gustatory (Taste) System: Receptors. 89
Gustatory (Taste) System: Pathways. 90
Olfactory System: Receptors. 91
Olfactory System: Pathway. 92
